Showing posts with label Jewish Identity. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Jewish Identity. Show all posts

Friday, September 16, 2016

"Name Change," a poem from my book of poems, Dwelling


This is the plaque in entry of my grandfather's, Robert Barnstone's, jewelry
and watch store in Lewiston, Maine.
Because in this election, a religious group is being demonized, I offer this family history from my new book of poems, Dwelling. Our family name was changed in 1912, one year before the Leo Frank case. Maine's nativists evolved into the KKK, which in this northern state directed its hate and violence toward Catholics and Jews (because they were regarded as recent immigrants), as well as its few African-American residents. I thought when I was growing up that my grandfather wanted to change the family name because he was ambitious and wanted to be respectable—and I'm sure those considerations figured into his reasoning—yet there was also a back-history of dangerous anti-Semitism. You can read more about anti-Semitism in Maine here, at Documenting Maine Jewry.


Name Change

It was my grandfather’s idea to change
the family name from Bornstein,
meaning amber
          or burning stone in German,
to Barnstone, also meaning amber.

In 1912, he, his father, step-mother,
and all his siblings stood before a judge
in Auburn, Maine,
              and Anglicized the vowels
within their name’s consonants to conceal
being Jews within their souls and behind the walls
of home
(shades drawn to hide Shabbat candlelight.)    
The gems’s classical name was electron,
“beaming sun,” yet the Heliades grief
made them poplars and their tears golden amber. 
                          
Two centuries before, the Emperor
Joseph the Second decreed that all Jews
immediately abandon
                                  Hebrew names
and adopt a constant German surname.
Tax them and keep track of them like the rest
of Christendom,
                          except keep the Jews humble.
No Jew may take the surname of a noble
or renowned family.
                                No Jew may keep
a name if someone complains it was his.

All circumcision books and all birth books
will be in German forever and ever.

The Jews will be registered, just as Jesus
was born in Bethlehem,
                        city of David,
where Joseph and Mary traveled to sign
the census decreed by Caesar Augustus.
Did the ancestors know the parallel—
register to be taxed (and rounded up later)—
when they chose lovely names: apple or pear
tree, rose, gold leaf, green field, or blooming valley.

My jeweler Zaide was a great magician
with diamonds, so I am told.
                                 What if
in 1788, our ancestors
had been able to afford Diamond—
the hardest stone, dispersing spectral color—
would my grandfather have heard the brilliant name
as Jewish?
   and would he have chosen for us
Davies, Day, or even plain Smith instead?

Every time I look down at my left hand,
I behold
  the ring he gave my grandmother:
a platinum setting shaping a sun.
The diamond conceals
                                    fire within
until, awakened by rays, it bursts
into rainbows and stars scattered on the walls
all around me:
           the covenant with Noah:

God will never annihilate us again.



My grandmother, Dora Lempert Barnstone, and my grandfather, Robert Carl Barnstone




My uncle, Howard Barnstone, grandmother, Dora Lempert Barnstone, my
aunt, Beatrice Barnstone Kammerman, and the litte one in front
is my father, Willis Barnstone.
My grandmother, Dora Lempert Barnstone, and her sister, my great Aunt Jane, Jennie Lempert Lichter.


Sunday, May 22, 2016

A Gender Neutral Rendering of a Passage from Proverbs that Deals with Wisdom

Sophia in Ephesus by Thérèse Gaigé 
As a woman and the daughter of a Christian mother and a Jewish father, I have been tormented in church (Episcopal) by two things: the masculine pronoun to refer to God and the passages, especially in John, that serve as the foundation for anti-Semitism. Today when I heard this beautiful passage from Proverbs, I was inspired (and I mean INSPIRED) to do a gender neutral translation. My problem is that when I have to say "Our Father" to refer to the Most High, I feel that I am lying. I don't believe that God is a man! Jesus may be the masculine and the Holy Spirit and Wisdom (Sophia) may be feminine, but the Source must not have a gender. Some of the teachings say that God doesn't have a gender, but we use "he" as a gender neutral pronoun. This has been thoroughly debunked by now, I hope. I am very happy with this translation. I did a little research on the names of God (which I really didn't have to do, but I always research even the things I think I already know because I can always learn more). I felt that this translation was truly a devotional practice, expanding God to be larger than the masculine pronoun. I felt the spirit of Sophia coursing through me! I was inspired also by Cathy Rosenholtz's sermon on the Holy Trinity in which she said, "We have made God so small." I have no doubt that God is so small, so large, so beyond human comprehension, yet always letting us into Their Mystery.

Proverbs 8:1-4, 22-31
Does not Wisdom call,
     and does not understanding raise her voice?
On the heights, beside the way,
     at the crossroads she takes her stand;
beside the gates in front of the town,
     at the entrance of the portals she cries out:
"To you, O people, I call,
     and my cry is to all that live.
The MOST HIGH created me at the beginning of Their work,
     the first of Their acts of long ago.
Ages ago I was set up,
     at the first, before the beginning of the earth.
When there were no depths I was brought forth,
     when there were no springs abounding with water.
Before the mountains had been shaped,
     before the hills, I was brought forth--
when the CREATOR had not yet made earth and fields,
     or the world's first bits of soil.
When the LIGHT established the heavens, I was there,
     when the NAME drew a circle on the face of the deep,
when the ANCIENT OF DAYS made firm the skies above,
     when the OVERSOUL established the fountains of the deep,
when the SOURCE assigned to the sea its limit,
     so that the waters might not transgress Their command,
when the SUPREME BEING marked out the foundations of the earth,
     then I was beside Them, like a master worker;
and I was daily the HOLY PARENT’S delight,
     rejoicing before Them always,
rejoicing in Their inhabited world
     and delighting in the human race."

My friend Claire Schaffer wrote: Thanks, Kiki, for this translation. As much as I agree on the gender points you make, I wonder if you view God as a being (as in SUPREME BEING)? Also, can you be comfortable with "their" as the singular gender/neutral pronoun? 

I answered: I asked myself about whether to go further in my explanation about the experience of translating the names of God, but left my commentary as it was for a time. I'm grateful for you question because things reveal themselves with dialogue. With regard to God a being, yes, I do feel comfortable about that because one of the names of God is "I am" (as in Exodus, God tells Moses to tell the people that "I AM" sent him. As for the Supreme part, that word has some negative associations, but I think that that name should apply to God, though perhaps not to humans. My answer to the question about "their/them" as the gender neutral pronoun is two-fold. On the grammatical level, I used to correct my students when they wrote a construction such as "Everyone has a right to their free speech." But I realized that "they/their" is emerging as the gender neutral pronoun and that's just the way that language develops. Some experts on grammar are now saying that "they/their" as the gender neutral pronoun is correct. But apart from that, there are precedents in other languages as well as English for pronouns that are both plural and singular. For example, "you" is both singular and plural, though certain regions of the country make disctinctions (y'all, youse). There is also the "royal we." In Spanish and other Romance languages the formal and the plural second person are the same pronoun (usted in Spanish). On a theological level, I think it makes sense to use "they/their" as the gender neutral pronoun, and there's ample scriptural and theological justification for that usage in the Old and New Testaments. In Genesis 1:26, God says "Let us make humanity in our image." God has both feminine and masculine aspects in the Jewish tradition. In the Christian tradition, the Holy Trinity is the three-personed God. I love what the Orthodox Patriarch Bartholomew says that God is a love relationship and therefore is Love (my paraphrase). There are some icons that depict the Holy Trinity as three very androgenous beings, the most famous one is by the 14th-15th Century Russian icon painter, Andrei Rublev. 


Sunday, October 16, 2011

My First Blog Post: To Abigail Blue Jay Stone with Love


On October 14, 2011, I reconnected with Abigail Blue Jay Stone, my childhood friend. Well, to say that Abigail is my childhood friend is too generic, too neutral. When I was Kiki and she was Abby, she was the sister I never had.  She was more than a sister. Three years older, she was the beloved big sister I looked up to, and who gave me courage to have a voice. Beginning when I was six, my family spent our summers in Vermont, twenty minutes away from Goshen, where Abigail lived with her two older sisters and her mother. All winter long in Indiana, I looked forward to returning home to Vermont, where I really lived, and where I’d be with Abby again.

When we had a sleepover, I’d have to spend the night in Goshen because her mom was afraid she’d lose her if she let her out of her sight—or least that’s the way it looked by my lights. If we invited Abby to come along with us to Lake Dunmore, she couldn’t come because she might drown or we might get into a car accident. I remember our picking out some Archie comics and Tiger Beat in Sid Rosen’s Ben Franklin Five and Dime, but that must have been when we’d gone to town for groceries in her mother’s station wagon. If we were lucky, we called out “Dibs on the way back!” quicker than anyone else, and we got to ride backwards, the broken yellow lines, pine trees, and mountains receding in the rear window as we sang “The Happy Wanderer” – “ValderEEE, Val-der-AH-HA-HA-HA-HA-HA! “

Like so many girls, we were in love with the Beatles. In 1964, when CBS broadcast the summer reruns of the Ed Sullivan Show, we walked (probably barefoot) the two miles to Abigail’s aunt’s to watch. There were thousands upon thousands of tiny baby toads hopping all over the damp dirt road, and innumerable fireflies in the fields, and the dark was nearly pure and the millions of stars in the Milky Way shone brighter than anything, and I was with Abby (and some other girls, too)—and all of this added up to joy and to my joy to see the Beatles almost live on TV. We sat on the rug, a braided one my memory says, impatient for Ed to finish up his introduction, the jerky dance he did as he spoke. When Beatles sang, I felt love catch in my throat. During “Till There Was You,” their names floated beneath their faces in white caps: PAUL, RINGO, GEORGE, JOHN – SORRY GIRLS, HE’S MARRIED. We lived the Beatles’ songs and understood the world through their music and lyrics. We’d sprawl on Abby’s bed listen to all our Beatles albums over and over on her record player (yes, we had record players). If one of us jumped to the wide-plank floor and made the record skip, she’d have to apologize to the girl whose favorite Beatle was singing. Abby’s favorite was George. Mine was Paul because John—sorry girls—was married. As the Beatles’ imagination developed, so did ours, and my favorite became John—he still is.

As a teenager, Abby became Blue Jay, learned how to play guitar, and wrote songs. She still writes wonderful songs, still has an astonishing voice. Abigail, whether she was Abby or Blue Jay, didn’t leave behind her child self. Abigail and Phoebe, her older sister, still pulled out the cardboard boxes full of miniatures and we played “Tiny Furniture.” We made a whole village on the front porch floor. Abigail had a different voice for each of the figures, miniature Minnie and Mickey Mouse, the little people and bears and dogs. She acted out whole dramas impromptu. I was shy, afraid to try a voice, and Abigail drew me out: “Here you go, Kiki, you can have Minnie. She’s very nice and will tell you what she wants you to say.” I don’t know if those were the exact words, but something like that, something reassuring, something to give me faith that there’s “magic everywhere.”

The back of the Stone’s old farmhouse was an apple orchard, and deep in the orchard was a white playhouse, where we’d enter our fairy tale in the making. One day Abby and I were sisters—orphaned sisters, of course—and a witch cast a spell on her that made her forget who she was and who I was. I chased her through the orchard, past her mom tending the hollyhocks and foxgloves that leaned against peeling clapboard, out to the road, round the big maple. “Please remember you’re my sister! Come with me, come back home!”
“I don’t know who you are! Why are you bothering me? Go away!”
I kept pleading and she stayed in character so convincingly that I took it to heart. “Please stop, Abby.”
“My name’s not Abby, you fool, it’s Dianne.”
I turned away, bent over the car’s dark blue hood to hide my face, and cried. Abby stroked my hair. “What’s the matter, Kiki?”
“You were being mean. You weren’t you.”
“It wasn’t me, it was a pretend person.”
“You didn’t know who I was anymore.”
“It was just a game. I know who you are, Kiki. Let’s play something else, okay?”

When I spent the night, I didn’t know if I’d be in Goshen one night or several. I guess sometimes my parents weren’t up for making the drive the next day and they couldn’t call ahead. Communication wasn’t so easy in those days. For a while, Abigail’s family only had a pay phone on the front porch. We didn’t even have a phone in our Vermont home for the first three years, and after that we had a party line (like “Mayberry, R.F.D.,” minus the always happily resolved family drama). I was happy for as much time as I could get with Abby, so I felt a mixture of disappointment and gladness when we heard the rare vehicle on the dirt road and I recognized our family car arriving in a cloud of dust. My parents and my two younger brothers, radically wired and skinny, would make their way through the high grass to the farmhouse, with Poochie and Coalie barking crazily from the screened-in front porch. The much-mythologized get-together commenced. We cooked together (with the cats, George Harrison and Frank O’Hara, underfoot). Dinner was spaghetti, garlic bread, and salad. We ate sitting around the fireplace, roasted marshmallows for dessert. We played the poetry game. We made art and we were, each of us, “Marvelous!”

We both have parents who are larger-than-life literary figures, renowned for their work, generosity, and mentoring and nurturing aspiring writers. They do possess all the wonderful characteristics attributed to them. And they also wounded us, not on purpose. I think that for them their art is salvific, and that, like many children of people who produce and excel, somehow we got the message that they loved us for what we make, not for who we ARE. Abigail and I realized how much we miss each other, how much we long to be active friends again, because of a Facebook misunderstanding that was my fault, and about which I’m so sorry.  I gushed one too many times about her mother being my poetry mother. Abigail protested, “YOU and I were friends when we were children. You were friends with ME, Kiki, not my mother. If all you can say to me is how much you adore my mother, then please tell her, don't tell me.” Maybe it’s taken me this long to get over being the adoring younger one. Maybe it takes over a half a century to heal, and to understand that I am loved in return. Maybe it takes all these years to find my voice and confess, “I look at your profile ALL the time, longing to reconnect with you. I'm crying as I write this. You can't even imagine how much I love you, have always loved you.”

You see, we share not only history but such similar upbringings,” Abigail wrote. “We have writing and everything, absolutely everything, in common." And she’s right.  We both have a Jewish father and a Christian mother and have changed Jewish names. We’re Ashkenazi from the same region. We both have suicides in our family. Since it’s everything, absolutely everything, the list goes on and on. When I constructed this blog a year ago, I thought I’d post some memories, some little vignettes that might help me give some shape for my research on family history, anti-Semitism and prejudice, mental illness and suicide. I want to write a counter-narrative to the denial narrative. Since then, I’ve been casting about for over a year, trying to find voice. I couldn’t even find a way to post something, not a sentence.

When we were children—and then two days ago—Abigail showed me that sometimes we make mistakes and hurt a loved one, but love—real love that sees and knows the other—heals and redeems. She reminded me of who I am and who she is. We together—playing pretend, writing, singing, drawing, dancing, telling secrets, listening to Beatles, walking barefoot on the dirt road in Goshen—were free in our imaginations. Abigail made me brave. She showed me I have a voice, and, like Walt Whitman, I can speak in as many voices as I want: “I am large, I contain multitudes.”

Abigail’s loving, corrective words opened the floodgates, as they say. That’s why I’m devoting my very first blog post to her. From the beginning, she’s been my friend, spiritual sister, and support. And now she’s given me a way to begin again.